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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-386</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-386</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика заболеваний сердца и сосудов</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Cardiovascular Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Количественная ультразвуковая оценка каротидного атеросклероза в стратификации риска ишемического инсульта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quantitative ultrasound assessment of carotid atherosclerosis in ischemic stroke risk stratification</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-3522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умнов</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umnov</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Умнов Иван Николаевич – заведующий отделением функциональной диагностики, ООО “Европейский институт здоровья семьи”; врач ультразвуковой и функциональной диагностики СПб ГБУЗ "Городская больница №33", Санкт-Петербург<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-3522" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-3522</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan N. Umnov – Head of the Department of Functional Diagnostics, LLC “European Institute of Family Health”;physician of ultrasound and functional diagnostics, City Hospital No. 33, St. Petersburg<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-3522" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-3522</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uin.eizs@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7159-0821</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чугаев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chugaev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чугаев Дмитрий Андреевич – IT-специалист ООО “Европейский институт здоровья семьи”, Санкт-Петербург<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7159-0821" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7159-0821</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A.Chugaev – IT specialist, LLC “European Institute of Family Health”, St. Petersburg<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7159-0821" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7159-0821</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nm.dmitry@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО “Европейский институт здоровья семьи”;&#13;
СПб ГБУЗ "Городская больница №33"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “European Institute of Family Health”; &#13;
City Hospital No. 33, St. Petersburg</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО "Европейский институт здоровья семьи"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “European Institute of Family Health”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Умнов И.Н., Чугаев Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Умнов И.Н., Чугаев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Umnov I.N., Chugaev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/386">https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/386</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценка роли количественных ультразвуковых показателей атеросклеротической бляшки (АСБ) в качестве предикторов развития первичной комбинированной конечной точки у пациентов с каротидным атеросклерозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Было обследовано 675 пациентов с каротидным атеросклерозом, не имеющих на момент включения в исследование документированного эпизода транзиторной ишемической атаки или ишемического инсульта, 48,4% мужчины, средний возраст 66 [61; 72] лет. Всем были выполнены электрокардиография, эхокардиография, дуплексное сканирование сонных артерий с оценкой степени стеноза по NASCET и максимальной высоты бляшки с последующим анализа изображений АСБ в формате DICOM. В компьютерном приложении (собственная разработка) выполнены расчет общей площади АСБ и сегментация изображения по диапазонам серой шкалы (“кровь”, “липиды”, “мышечный и фиброзный компоненты”, “кальций”). Наблюдение проводилось в течение 5 лет. За первичную комбинированную конечную точку принято развитие ишемического события в бассейне сонной артерии на стороне поражения, или хирургическое лечение каротидного стеноза. Полученные различия считались статистически значимыми при p &lt;0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За период наблюдения 85 пациентов (12%) достигли первичной комбинированной конечной точки. Это событие возникало в 3 и 10 раз чаще при наличии у пациентов АСБ I или II типов по Gray-Weale, чем при III и IV типах, соответственно. Независимыми предикторами в модели стратификации пятилетнего риска развития первичной комбинированной конечной точки стали степень стеноза по NASCET, максимальная высота бляшки и показатели сегментация изображения АСБ за исключением “фиброзного компонента”. Пациенты были разделены на три группы: группу “высокого риска” развития события (прогнозируемый общий пятилетний риск (ОР) составил 30% и более) – 136 человек (21%), группу “низкого риска” (менее 15% ОР) – 405 человека (64%) и группу “среднего (промежуточного) риска” (от 15% до 30% ОР) – 99 человек (15%). Медианные значения степени стеноза по NASCET и максимальной высоты АСБ составили для группы низкого риска 15 [4; 25]% и 2,5 [2,1; 3,1] мм, среднего риска 24 [14; 27]% и 3,0 [2,5; 3,6] мм, для группы высокого риска 50 [38; 69]% и 4,3 [3,8; 5,5] мм, соответственно (p &lt;0,0001).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Степень стеноза по NASCET, максимальная высота бляшки и результаты сегментации серошкального изображения АСБ по диапазонам серой шкалы являются значимыми независимыми предикторами развития первичной комбинированной конечной точки у асимптомных пациентов с каротидным атеросклерозом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the role of quantitative ultrasound parameters of atherosclerotic plaque (ASP) as predictors of the development of the primary composite endpoint in patients with carotid atherosclerosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A total of 675 patients with carotid atherosclerosis with no history of transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke at the time of inclusion in the study were examined; 48.4% were men, with an average age of 66 [61; 72] years. All patients underwent electrocardiography, echocardiography, carotid arteries duplex ultrasound with assessment of the degree of stenosis according to NASCET and maximum wall thickness (MWT) of plaque with subsequent analysis of ASP images in DICOM format. A computer software (own development) was used to calculate the total area of the ASP and segment the image by grayscale ranges (“blood”, “lipids”, “muscle and fibrous components”, and “calcium”). The observation period was 5 years. The primary composite endpoint was the development of an ischemic event in the carotid territory on the affected side or surgical treatment of carotid stenosis. Differences were considered statistically significant at p &lt; 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During the follow-up period, 85 patients (12%) achieved primary composite endpoint. This event occurred 3 and 10 times more frequently in patients with Gray-Weale ASP types I and II than in those with types III and IV, respectively. Independent predictors in the five-year risk stratification model for event development included the NASCET stenosis grade, MWT, and the plaque image segmentation parameters excluding the “fibrous component”. Patients were divided into three groups: a “high-risk” group for developing primary composite endpoint (the predicted overall five-year risk (OR) was 30% or more) – 136 patients (21%), a “low-risk” group (less than 15% OR) – 405 patients (64%), and a “medium (intermediate) risk" group (from 15% to 30% OR) – 99 patients (15%). The median values of the degree of stenosis according to NASCET and the MWT were 15 [4; 25]% and 2.5 [2.1; 3.1] mm for the low-risk group, 24 [14; 27]% and 3.0 [2.5; 3.6] mm for the average risk group, and 50 [38; 69]% and 4.3 [3.8; 5.5] mm, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The degree of stenosis according to NASCET, MWT and the results of segmentation of the gray-scale image of the ASP by gray-scale ranges are significant independent predictors of the development of primary composite endpoint in asymptomatic patients with carotid atherosclerosis. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атеросклеротическая бляшка</kwd><kwd>каротидный стеноз</kwd><kwd>количественный анализ</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование</kwd><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>транзиторная ишемическая атака</kwd><kwd>стратификация риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atherosclerotic plaque</kwd><kwd>carotid stenosis</kwd><kwd>quantitative analysis</kwd><kwd>ultrasound</kwd><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>transient ischemic attack</kwd><kwd>risk stratification</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GBD 2021 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. 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