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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-347</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-347</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика в педиатрии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pediatric Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковое исследование желчных путей у детей: возможности и ограничения в разные возрастные периоды</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biliary tract ultrasound in pediatrics: potential and limitations at different ages</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-6768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсуфов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusufov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юсуфов Акиф Арифович – доктор мед. наук, заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики; заведующий диагностическим отделением Клиники ФГБОУ ВО “Тверской ГМУ” Минздрава России;врач-рентгенолог ГБУЗ Тверской области “Детская областная клиническая больница”;врач ультразвуковой диагностики ООО Центр здоровья “Детство”, Тверь<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-6768" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-6768</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akif A. Yusufov – MD, Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Radiology Department;  Head of the radiology department, Tver State Medical University;radiologist, Children's Regional Clinical Hospital of the Tver Region;ultrasound diagnostic doctor, Health Center “Childhood”, Tver<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-6768" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-6768</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">usufov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-0664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведева</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медведева Мария Игоревна – ассистент кафедры лучевой диагностики ФГБОУ ВО “Тверской ГМУ” Минздрава России;врач ультразвуковой диагностики, педиатр,  ООО Центр здоровья “Детство”, Тверь<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-0664" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-0664</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria I. Medvedeva – MD, Assistant of the Department of Radiology of the Federal State budgetary institution of higher education Tver State Medical University;ultrasound diagnostic doctor, pediatrician, Health Center “Childhood”, Tver<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-0664" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4812-0664</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kamanni91@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО “Тверской государственный медицинский университет” Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ Тверской области “Детская областная клиническая больница”; &#13;
ООО Центр здоровья “Детство”</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation;  &#13;
Children's Regional Clinical Hospital of the Tver Region;  &#13;
Health Center “Childhood”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО “Тверской государственный медицинский университет” Минздрава России;&#13;
ООО Центр здоровья “Детство”</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation;  &#13;
Health Center “Childhood”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юсуфов А.А., Медведева М.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юсуфов А.А., Медведева М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yusufov A.A., Medvedeva M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/347">https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/347</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценка возможностей и ограничений ультразвукового метода в визуализации желчных путей у детей различных возрастных групп и установление возрастных нормативов диаметров основных структур билиарного тракта.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Комбинированное (проспективно-ретроспективное) исследование 6722 детей (1 мес – 17 лет) без патологии гепатобилиарной системы. Использовали стандартизированный протокол измерений на аппаратах экспертного класса с оценкой межоператорской воспроизводимости (ICC, n = 50). Статистическая обработка: медиана, 5–95 процентили, оценка межгрупповых различий (критерий Краскела–Уоллиса, p &lt; 0,01).</p></sec><sec><title>Основные результаты</title><p>Основные результаты. Выявлены значительные возрастные различия в возможностях визуализации структур билиарного тракта. Внепеченочные протоки стабильно визуализируются с высокой частотой во всех возрастных группах (ОЖП – 94,8–99,7%, ОПП – 78,5–93,5%). Визуализация внутрипеченочных протоков имеет выраженную возрастную зависимость: визуализация долевых протоков становится возможной с 1–3 лет (12,3%) и прогрессивно улучшается к подростковому возрасту (86,2%). Пузырный проток остается наименее доступной для визуализации структурой во всех возрастных группах (максимум 35,1% у подростков). Установлены детальные возрастные нормативы диаметров основных желчных протоков. Межоператорская согласованность высокая для ОЖП (ICC = 0,92) и умеренная для ОПП (ICC = 0,84).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. По результатам нашего исследования получены значения диаметров внепеченочных желчных протоков у детей в различных возрастных группах. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the potential and limitations of biliary tract ultrasound in children of different age groups and to determine the age-specific values for the diameters of the main biliary tract structures.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: A combined (prospective-retrospective) study of 6,722 children (1 month to 17 years old) with no hepatobiliary pathology. A standardized measurement protocol was performed on expert-class ultrasound scanner with Interobserver reproducibility assessment (ICC, n = 50). Statistical analysis: median, 5th–95th percentiles, and assessment of intergroup differences (Kruskal–Wallis test, p &lt; 0.01).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Significant age differences in the ability to visualize biliary tract structures were revealed. Extrahepatic bile ducts were visualized with high frequency across all age groups (common bile duct (CBD) – 94.8–99.7%, common hepatic duct (CHD) – 78.5–93.5%). Visualization of intrahepatic ducts showed a significant age dependence: visualization of the lobar ducts becomes possible from 1–3 years of age (12.3%) and progressively improves by adolescence (86.2%). The cystic duct remains the least accessible structure for visualization across all age groups (maximum 35.1% in adolescents). Detailed age-specific normative values for the diameters of the main bile ducts were established. Interobserver reproducibility was high for the CBD (ICC = 0.92) and moderate for the CHP (ICC = 0.84).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Our study yielded values for the diameters of extrahepatic bile ducts in children across various age groups.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>внепеченочные желчные протоки</kwd><kwd>возрастные нормативы</kwd><kwd>педиатрия</kwd><kwd>билиарный тракт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultrasound</kwd><kwd>extrahepatic bile ducts</kwd><kwd>age-specific standards</kwd><kwd>pediatrics</kwd><kwd>biliary tract</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">нет</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бельмер С. 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