<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-286</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-286</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика в акушерстве и гинекологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пренатальная ультразвуковая диагностика краниосиностозов: проблемы и возможности на примере клинического наблюдения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of craniosynostosis: problems and possibilities using a clinical case as an example</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-5695</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Климова Инна Владимировна – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения ультразвуковой диагностики ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области, Москва.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-5695</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna V. Klimova – M.D., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Fellow of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-5695</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inna.klimova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-3321</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шакая</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakaya</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шакая Марика Нугзаровна – канд. мед. наук, руководитель отделения неонатологии ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области, Москва.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-3321</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marika N. Shakaya – M.D., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Neonatology Department, V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-3321</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m_shakavar@ovannas.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-0654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимкова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimkova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефимкова Екатерина Борисовна – канд. мед. наук, руководитель акушерского обсервационного отделения ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области, Москва.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-0654</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina B. Efimkova – M.D., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Obstetric Observational Department, V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-0654</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katerinabrandt@yahoo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-057X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дулаева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dulaeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дулаева Елена Валерьевна – канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник акушерского обсервационного отделения ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области, Москва.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-057X</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Dulaeva – M.D., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Research Fellow of the Obstetric Observational Department, V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-057X</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ev_rjazantseva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-5546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якубина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakubina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якубина Анна Александровна – младший научный сотрудник отделения неонатологии ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области, Москва.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-5546</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Yakubina – M.D., Junior Researcher of the Neonatology Department, V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-5546</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kitten_nutik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6140-1930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярыгина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarygina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярыгина Тамара Александровна – канд. мед. наук, руководитель отделения ультразвуковой диагностики ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области;научный сотрудник перинатального кардиологического центра ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии им. А.Н. Бакулева” Минздрава России;доцент кафедры ультразвуковой диагностики факультета непрерывного медицинского образования Медицинского института ФГАОУ ВО “Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы” Минобрнауки России, Москва.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6140-1930</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara A. Yarygina – M.D., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology;Research Fellow at the perinatal cardiology center, A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery;Associate Professor of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics of the Faculty of Continuing Medical Education, Medical Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6140-1930</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chermashe@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Московской области “Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии им. академика В.И. Краснопольского” Минздрава Московской области; ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии имени А.Н. Бакулева” Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО “Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы” Минобрнауки России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Krasnopolsky Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology; A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Климова И.В., Шакая М.Н., Ефимкова Е.Б., Дулаева Е.В., Якубина А.А., Ярыгина Т.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Климова И.В., Шакая М.Н., Ефимкова Е.Б., Дулаева Е.В., Якубина А.А., Ярыгина Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klimova I.V., Shakaya M.N., Efimkova E.B., Dulaeva E.V., Yakubina A.A., Yarygina T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/286">https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/286</self-uri><abstract><p>Краниосиностоз – это процесс преждевременного слияния швов черепа. Существует высокий риск травматизма матери и плода во время родов ребенка с краниосиностозом, при отсутствии своевременного лечения у новорожденных могут быть повышение внутричерепного давления, развитие нейрокогнитивных нарушений, косметические дефекты. Частота выявления краниосиностоза при пренатальном ультразвуковом исследовании низкая. В статье представлены результаты наблюдения пациентки с изолированным сагиттальным краниосинотозом у плода во время беременности. При ультразвуковом исследовании выявлены такие диагностические критерии, как аномальная скафоцефалическая форма головки плода, снижение бипариетального размера головки плода и цефалического индекса с увеличением срока беременности при прогрессивном росте окружности головки плода, отсутствие гипоэхогенности сагиттального шва, наличие эхотени и костного гребня в его проекции при 3D-исследовании. После рождения ребенка диагноз подтвержден по результатам компьютерной томографии головного мозга, проведено оперативное лечение в возрасте 3 мес. Наше исследование и литературные данные свидетельствуют о том, что краниосиностоз может быть диагностирован антенатально. При выявлении отклонения от нормы размеров головки плода, цефалического индекса и прогрессировании данных показателей с развитием беременности необходимо провести детальное сканирование черепа плода и краниальных швов, включая 3D-сканирование. Расширение возможностей антенатальной диагностики краниосиностоза позволит снизить материнский травматизм и перинатальные осложнения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Craniosynostosis is the process of premature fusion of the sutures of the skull. There is a high risk of both the maternal and fetal trauma during delivery craniosynostosis child, if the condition is left untreated, complications such as raised intracranial pressure, neurocognitive disorders and cosmetic defects may be implicated. Prenatal ultrasound`s detection rate of craniosynostosis is low. We present a clinical description of a patient with isolated fetal sagittal craniosynostosis during pregnancy. The following ultrasound signs were found during the study: scaphocephalic head shape, dropping growth of the biparietal diameter and cephalic index, the stable growth of the head circumference as the pregnancy progressed, the absence of hypoechogenicity of the sagittal suture, brain shadowing sign, a bony groove in the area of the synostosis by 3D ultrasound. After birth, the diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography of the brain, surgical treatment was performed at the age of three months. Our clinical case and literature data suggest that craniosynostosis could be diagnosed antenatally. If a fetal head size value, a cephalic index outside the normal range, or a change them in during pregnancy is detected, a detailed scan of the fetal skull and cranial sutures, including 3D scanning, should be performed. An increase in antenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis will enable to a decrease maternal trauma and perinatal complications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>краниосиностоз</kwd><kwd>сагиттальный синостоз</kwd><kwd>скафоцефалия</kwd><kwd>пренатальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>трехмерное ультразвуковое исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>craniosynostosis</kwd><kwd>sagittal synostosis</kwd><kwd>scaphocephaly</kwd><kwd>prenatal diagnosis</kwd><kwd>three-dimensional ultrasonography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бельченко В.А. Черепно-лицевая хирургия: Руководство для врачей. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство, 2006. 340 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belchenko V.A. Craniofacial surgery. A guide for doctors. Moscow: Medical Information Agency, 2006. 340 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Губерт В.П., Ларькин И.И. Краниосиностозы у детей. Научный вестник Омского государственного медицинского университета. 2021; 1 (2):105–110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hubert V.P., Larkin I.I. Craniosynostoses in children. Scientific Bulletin of Omsk State Medical University. 2021; 1 (2): 105–110. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Renier D., Lajeunie E., Arnaud E., Marcha D. Management of craniosynostoses. Child’s Nervous System. 2000; 16 (10–11): 645–658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003810000320</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renier D., Lajeunie E., Arnaud E., Marcha D. Management of craniosynostoses. Child’s Nervous System. 2000; 16 (10–11): 645–658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003810000320</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Swanson J., Oppenheimer A., Al-Mufarrej F. et al. Maternofetal Trauma in Craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surg. 2015; 136 (2): 214e–222e. https://doi.org/10.1097/prs.0000000000001468</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swanson J., Oppenheimer A., Al-Mufarrej F. et al. Maternofetal Trauma in Craniosynostosis. Plastic and Reconstructive Surg. 2015; 136 (2): 214e–222e. https://doi.org/10.1097/prs.0000000000001468</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heliövaara A., Vuola P., Hukki J., Leikola J. Perinatal features and rate of cesarean section in newborns with non-syndromic sagittal synostosis. Child’s Nervous System. 2016; 32 (7): 289–1292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-016-3078-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heliövaara A., Vuola P., Hukki J., Leikola J. Perinatal features and rate of cesarean section in newborns with non-syndromic sagittal synostosis. Child’s Nervous System. 2016; 32 (7): 289–1292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-016-3078-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sergesketter A.R., Elsamadicy A.A., Lubkin D.T. Characterization of Perinatal Risk Factors and Complications Associated With Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. J. Craniofacial. Surg. 2019; 30 (2): 334–338. https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000004997</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sergesketter A.R., Elsamadicy A.A., Lubkin D.T. Characterization of Perinatal Risk Factors and Complications Associated With Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. J. Craniofacial. Surg. 2019; 30 (2): 334–338. https://doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000004997</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Constantine S., Kiermeier A., Anderson P. Sonographic indicators of isolated fetal sagittal craniosynostosis during pregnancy. J. Med. Imaging Radiat. Oncol. 2020; 64 (5): 626–633. https://doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.13068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Constantine S., Kiermeier A., Anderson P. Sonographic indicators of isolated fetal sagittal craniosynostosis during pregnancy. J. Med. Imaging Radiat. Oncol. 2020; 64 (5): 626–633. https://doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.13068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации “Врожденные аномалии костей черепа и лица, врожденные костно-мышечные деформации головы и лица”. 2021. https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/474_2?ysclid=ly1p600rzu624394458</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clinical practice guidelines “Congenital anomalies of the bones of the skull and face, congenital musculoskeletal deformities of the head and face”. 2021. https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/474_2?ysclid=ly1p600rzu624394458 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burokas L. Craniosynostosis: Caring for Infants and Their Families. Crit. Care Nurse. 2013; 33 (4): 39–50. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2013678</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burokas L. Craniosynostosis: Caring for Infants and Their Families. Crit. Care Nurse. 2013; 33 (4): 39–50. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2013678</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aviv R.I., Rodger E., Hall C.M. Craniosynostosis. Clin. Radiol. 2002; 57 (2): 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1053/crad.2001.0836</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aviv R.I., Rodger E., Hall C.M. Craniosynostosis. Clin. Radiol. 2002; 57 (2): 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1053/crad.2001.0836</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ursitti F., Fadda T., Papetti L. Evaluation and management of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Acta Paediatrica. 2011; 100 (9): 1185–1194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02299.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ursitti F., Fadda T., Papetti L. Evaluation and management of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Acta Paediatrica. 2011; 100 (9): 1185–1194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02299.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Суфианов А.А., Гаибов С.С.-Х., Суфианова Р.А. Несиндромные краниосиностозы: современное состояние проблемы. Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. 2013; 6: 33–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sufianov A.A., S.S-Kh Gaibov, Sufianov R.A. Nonsyndromic craniosynostoses: state-of-the-art. Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics.2013; 6: 33–37. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delahaye S., Bernard J. P., Rénier D., Ville Y. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal craniosynostosis. Ultrasound Obstet. &amp; Gynecol. 2003; 21 (4): 347–353. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.91</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delahaye S., Bernard J. P., Rénier D., Ville Y. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal craniosynostosis. Ultrasound Obstet. &amp; Gynecol. 2003; 21 (4): 347–353. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.91</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spazzapan P., Velnar T. Isolated Sagittal Craniosynostosis: A Comprehensive Review. Diagnostics. 2024; 14 (4): 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14040435</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spazzapan P., Velnar T. Isolated Sagittal Craniosynostosis: A Comprehensive Review. Diagnostics. 2024; 14 (4): 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14040435</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лопатин А.В., Ясонов С.А. Общие вопросы ранней диагностики краниосиностозов: Методические рекомендации для врачей. М.: ЗАО “ПроМедиа”, 2005. 50 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopatin A.V., Yasonov S.A. General issues of carly diagnosis craniosynostosis. Moscow: ZAO “ProMedia”, 2005. 50 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cornelissen M.J., Apon I., van der Meulen J.J.N.M., et al. Prenatal ultrasound parameters in single-suture craniosynostosis. J. Maternal-Fetal. &amp; Neonatal. Med. 2018; 31 (15): 2050–2057. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1335706</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cornelissen M.J., Apon I., van der Meulen J.J.N.M., et al. Prenatal ultrasound parameters in single-suture craniosynostosis. J. Maternal-Fetal. &amp; Neonatal. Med. 2018; 31 (15): 2050–2057. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1335706</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Papageorghiou A.T., Kennedy S.H., Salomon L.J. et al. International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21(st) Century (INTERGROWTH-21(st)). The INTERGROWTH-21st Fetal Growth Standards: Toward the Global Integration of Pregnancy and Pediatric Care. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2018; 218 (2S): 630–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.01.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Papageorghiou A.T., Kennedy S.H., Salomon L.J. et al. International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21(st) Century (INTERGROWTH-21(st)). The INTERGROWTH-21st Fetal Growth Standards: Toward the Global Integration of Pregnancy and Pediatric Care. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2018; 218 (2S): 630–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.01.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рещиков Д.А. Эволюция методов лечения краниосиностозов. Голова и шея. 2023; 11 (2): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.25792/HN.2023.11.2.57-64</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reshchikov D.A. Evolution of craniosynostosis treatment methods. Head and Neck. 2023; 11 (2): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.25792/HN.2023.11.2.57-64 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jung J., Lam J., deSouza R. et al. Craniosynostosis. ACNR Advanc. Clin. Neuroscie. Rehabilit. 2019. https://doi.org/10.47795/VDBT8588</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jung J., Lam J., deSouza R. et al. Craniosynostosis. ACNR Advanc. Clin. Neuroscie. Rehabilit. 2019. https://doi.org/10.47795/VDBT8588</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Persing J.A., Jane J.A., Shaffrey M. Virchow and the Pathogenesis of Craniosynostosis: A Translation of His Original Work. Plast. Reconstruct. Surg. 1989; 83: 738–742. https://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/citation/1989/04000/virchow_and_the_pathogenesis_of_craniosynostosis_.25.aspx</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Persing J.A., Jane J.A., Shaffrey M. Virchow and the Pathogenesis of Craniosynostosis: A Translation of His Original Work. Plast. Reconstruct. Surg. 1989; 83: 738–742. https://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/citation/1989/04000/virchow_and_the_pathogenesis_of_craniosynostosis_.25.aspx</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morriss-Kay G.M., Wilkie A.O.M. Growth of the Normal Skull Vault and Its Alteration in Craniosynostosis: Insights from Human Genetics and Experimental Studies. J. Anatomy. 2005; 207 (5): 637–653. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00475.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morriss-Kay G.M., Wilkie A.O.M. Growth of the Normal Skull Vault and Its Alteration in Craniosynostosis: Insights from Human Genetics and Experimental Studies. J. Anatomy. 2005; 207 (5): 637–653. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00475.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Timor-Tritsch I., Monteagudo A., Pilu G., Malinger G. Ultrasonography of the Prenatal Brain. 3rd ed. New York:McGraw-Hill, 2012: 459–462.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timor-Tritsch I., Monteagudo A., Pilu G., Malinger G. Ultrasonography of the Prenatal Brain. 3rd ed. New York:McGraw-Hill, 2012: 459–462.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helfer T.M., Peixoto A.B., Tonni G., Júnior E.A. Craniosynostosis: prenatal diagnosis by 2D/3D ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Medical Ultrasonography. 2016; 18 (3): 378–385. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu.2013.2066.183.3du</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helfer T.M., Peixoto A.B., Tonni G., Júnior E.A. Craniosynostosis: prenatal diagnosis by 2D/3D ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Medical Ultrasonography. 2016; 18 (3): 378–385. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu.2013.2066.183.3du</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Буркова Р.С., Гусева О.И. Несиндромная скафоцефалия: особенности диагностики. Пренатальная диагностика. 2016; 15 (1): 44–47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burkova R.S., Guseva O.I. Nonsyndromic scaphocephaly: diagnostic features. Prenatal Diagnosis. 2016; 15 (1): 44–47. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salomon L.J., Alfirevic Z., Berghella V. et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2022; 59 (6): 840–856. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.24888</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salomon L.J., Alfirevic Z., Berghella V. et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2022; 59 (6): 840–856. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.24888</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khalil A., Sotiriadis A., D’Antonio F. et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: performance of third-trimester obstetric ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2024; 63: 131–147. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.27538</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khalil A., Sotiriadis A., D’Antonio F. et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: performance of third-trimester obstetric ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2024; 63: 131–147. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.27538</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dempsey R.F., Monson L.A., Maricevich R.S. Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. Clin. Plast. Surg. 2019; 46 (2): 123–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cps.2018.11.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dempsey R.F., Monson L.A., Maricevich R.S. Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. Clin. Plast. Surg. 2019; 46 (2): 123–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cps.2018.11.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mak A.S.L., Leung K.Y. Prenatal ultrasonography of craniofacial abnormalities. Ultrasonography. 2018; 38 (1): 13–24. https://doi.org/10.14366/usg.18031</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mak A.S.L., Leung K.Y. Prenatal ultrasonography of craniofacial abnormalities. Ultrasonography. 2018; 38 (1): 13–24. https://doi.org/10.14366/usg.18031</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации “Нормальная беременность”, 2023. https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/288_2?ysclid=m1xtpc0zlt287648005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clinical practice guidelines “Normal pregnancy”, 2023. https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/288_2?ysclid=m1xtpc0zlt287648005 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Hobbins J. et al. Longitudinal Study of Fetal Head Biometry. Am. J. Perinatol. 1984; 1 (02): 118–128. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-999987</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jeanty P., Cousaert E., Hobbins J. et al. Longitudinal Study of Fetal Head Biometry. Am. J. Perinatol. 1984; 1 (02): 118–128. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-999987</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Casteleyn T., Horn D., Henrich W., Verlohren S. Differential diagnosis of syndromic craniosynostosis: a case series. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2022; 306 (1): 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-021-06263-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Casteleyn T., Horn D., Henrich W., Verlohren S. Differential diagnosis of syndromic craniosynostosis: a case series. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2022; 306 (1): 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-021-06263-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Constantine S., David D., Anderson P. The use of obstetric ultrasound in the antenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis: We need to do better. Australasian J. Ultrasound Med. 2016; 19 (3): 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajum.12016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Constantine S., David D., Anderson P. The use of obstetric ultrasound in the antenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis: We need to do better. Australasian J. Ultrasound Med. 2016; 19 (3): 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajum.12016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonni G., Panteghini M., Rossi A. Craniosynostosis: prenatal diagnosis by means of ultrasound and SSSE-MRI. Family series with report of neurodevelopmental outcome and review of the literature. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2011; 283 (4): 909–916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-010-1643-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonni G., Panteghini M., Rossi A. Craniosynostosis: prenatal diagnosis by means of ultrasound and SSSE-MRI. Family series with report of neurodevelopmental outcome and review of the literature. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2011; 283 (4): 909–916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-010-1643-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DeFreitas C.A., Carr S.R., Merck D.L. Prenatal Diagnosis of Craniosynostosis Using Ultrasound. Plast. Reconstruct. Surg. 2022; 150 (5): 1084. https://doi.org/10.1097/prs.000000000000960</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DeFreitas C.A., Carr S.R., Merck D.L. Prenatal Diagnosis of Craniosynostosis Using Ultrasound. Plast. Reconstruct. Surg. 2022; 150 (5): 1084. https://doi.org/10.1097/prs.000000000000960</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dall’Asta A., Paramasivam G., Lees C. The Brain Shadowing Sign: A Clue Finding for Early Suspicion of Craniosynostosis? Fetal. Diagn. Ther. 2019; 45 (5): 357–360. https://doi.org/10.1159/000490493</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dall’Asta A., Paramasivam G., Lees C. The Brain Shadowing Sign: A Clue Finding for Early Suspicion of Craniosynostosis? Fetal. Diagn. Ther. 2019; 45 (5): 357–360. https://doi.org/10.1159/000490493</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malinger G., Monteagudo A., Pilu G. et al. Sonographic examination of the fetal central nervous system: guidelines for performing the “basic examination” and the “fetal neurosonogram”. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2007; 29: 109–116.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malinger G., Monteagudo A., Pilu G. et al. Sonographic examination of the fetal central nervous system: guidelines for performing the “basic examination” and the “fetal neurosonogram”. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2007; 29: 109–116.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krajden Haratz K., Leibovitz Z., Svirsky R. The ‘Brain Shadowing Sign’: A Novel Marker of Fetal Craniosynostosis. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 2016 ;40 (4): 277–284. https://doi.org/10.1159/000444298</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krajden Haratz K., Leibovitz Z., Svirsky R. The ‘Brain Shadowing Sign’: A Novel Marker of Fetal Craniosynostosis. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 2016 ;40 (4): 277–284. https://doi.org/10.1159/000444298</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benacerraf B.R., Spiro R., Mitchell A.G. Using three-dimensional ultrasound to detect craniosynostosis in a fetus with Pfeiffer syndrome. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2000; 16 (4): 391–394. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0705.2000.00178.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benacerraf B.R., Spiro R., Mitchell A.G. Using three-dimensional ultrasound to detect craniosynostosis in a fetus with Pfeiffer syndrome. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 2000; 16 (4): 391–394. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0705.2000.00178.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Суфианов А.А., Садыкова О.Н., Якимов Ю.А., Суфианов Р.А. Ультразвуковое исследование швов черепа как метод диагностики краниосиностозов у детей. Педиатрия. Журнал имени Г.Н. Сперанского. 2019; 98 (5): 40–46. https://doi.org/10.24110/0031-403X-2019-98-5-40-46</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sufianov A.A., Sadykova O.N., Iakimov I.A., Sufianov R.A. Ultrasound examination of cranial sutures as a method for craniosynostosis diagnosis in children. Journal “Pediatria” named after G.N. Speransky. 2019; 98 (5): 40–46. https://doi.org/10.24110/0031-403X-2019-98-5-40-46 (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fjørtoft M. I., Sevely A., Boetto S. Prenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis: value of MR imaging. Neuroradiology. 2007; 49 (6): 515–521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-007-0212-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fjørtoft M. I., Sevely A., Boetto S. Prenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis: value of MR imaging. Neuroradiology. 2007; 49 (6): 515–521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-007-0212-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu M., Ma L., Yuan Y. Cranial suture regeneration mitigates skull and neurocognitive defects in craniosynostosis. Cell. 2021; 84 (1); 243–256.e18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu M., Ma L., Yuan Y. Cranial suture regeneration mitigates skull and neurocognitive defects in craniosynostosis. Cell. 2021; 84 (1); 243–256.e18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stanton E., Urata M., Chen J.-F., Chai Y. The clinical manifestations, molecular mechanisms and treatment of craniosynostosis. Disease Models &amp; Mechanisms. 2022; 15. dmm049390. https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.049390</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stanton E., Urata M., Chen J.-F., Chai Y. The clinical manifestations, molecular mechanisms and treatment of craniosynostosis. Disease Models &amp; Mechanisms. 2022; 15. dmm049390. https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.049390</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
