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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RDS-Media Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-2017-5-40-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика в педиатрии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pediatric Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковое исследование в диагностике синдрома Алажилля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound in Alagille syndrome diagnosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыков</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pykov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>Виктория Эдуардовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vikt.rich@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтярева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtyareva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пучкова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Puchkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ “Научный центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Филиппова Е.А., Пыков М.И., Рычкова В.Э., Дегтярева А.В., Пучкова А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Филиппова Е.А., Пыков М.И., Рычкова В.Э., Дегтярева А.В., Пучкова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Filippova E.A., Pykov M.I., Rychkova V.E., Degtyareva A.V., Puchkova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/182">https://usfd.rdsmedia.ru/jour/article/view/182</self-uri><abstract><p>В период с 2000 по 2016 г. был проведен ретроспективный анализ ультразвукового обследования органов гепатобилиарной системы, селезенки, сердечно-сосудистой и мочевыделительной систем 50 пациентов с синдромом Алажилля (первая группа) и 80 пациентов с билиарной атрезией (вторая группа). Возраст детей при поступлении был 1 мес жизни. Анализ ультразвуковых изменений гепатобилиарной системы и селезенки пациентов осуществлялся в возрасте 1, 2 и 3 мес жизни; сердечно-сосудистой системы -1-3 мес; мочевыделительной системы - 1, 2, 3, 6 и 12 мес. При проведении ROC-анализа (учитывались ультразвуковые изменения, выявленные в течение 3 мес жизни) информативность изолированных ультразвуковых изменений гепатобилиарной системы в диагностике синдрома Алажилля была невысока. Однако чувствительность ультразвукового симптома “треугольного рубца” в диагностике билиарной атрезии составила 50%, специфичность - 100%, AUC - 0,750. Чувствительность изменений желчного пузыря в виде его отсутствия и формы фиброзного тяжа в диагностике билиарной атрезии составила 88%, специфичность - 72%, AUC - 0,797. Чувствительность симптома “перипортального фиброза” в диагностике билиарной атрезии составила 100%, специфичность - 88%, AUC - 0,940. Необходимо отметить, что указанные выше признаки визуализировались на фоне клиники холестаза, гепатомегалии и спленомегалии (у 100% пациентов с билиарной атрезией в возрасте 3 мес жизни). Особенно привлекательными для дифференциальной диагностики стали ультразвуковые изменения почек, проявляющиеся к 3 мес жизни с последующим достоверным увеличением частоты к 12 мес (P от 0,0295 до 0,0001). При билиарной атрезии изменения со стороны почек отсутствовали. Повышение эхогенности коркового слоя паренхимы и нарушение кортико-медуллярной дифференцировки (сокращение количества пирамид вплоть до полного отсутствия их визуализации, изменение формы пирамид) на фоне клиники холестаза имеют достаточно высокую чувствительность (70 и 64%) на фоне 100%-й специфичности в диагностике синдрома Алажилля (учитывались ультразвуковые изменения, выявленные в течение 12 мес жизни). Отмеченные при ультразвуковом исследовании изменения органов гепатобилиарной системы и селезенки, сердечно-сосудистой и мочевыделительной систем дают полезную информацию для дифференциальной диагностики и адекватной тактики ведения пациентов раннего возраста с холестазом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>50 patients with Alagille syndrome (first group) and 80 patients with biliary atresia (second group) were investigated in the 2000-2016 period. A retrospective analysis of hepatobiliary system, spleen, cardiovascular, and urinary systems ultrasound results was done. The age of the children at admission was 1 month of life. Ultrasound examinations of hepatobiliary system and spleen were carried out at the age of 1, 2 and 3 months of life; cardiovascular system - 1-3 months; urinary system - 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months. When carrying out ROC-analysis the ultrasound changes of hepatobiliary system, identified within three months of life, were taken into account. Diagnostic value of an isolated hepatobiliary system ultrasound pathologic signs in Alagille syndrome diagnosis was low. However, the sensitivity of ultrasound “triangular cord" sign in biliary atresia diagnosis was 50%, specificity - 100%, AUC - 0.750. The sensitivity of gallbladder absence or fibrous cord gallbladder form sign in biliary atresia diagnosis was 88%, specificity - 72%, AUC - 0.797. The sensitivity of diffuse periportal echogenicity sign in the biliary atresia diagnosis was 100%, specificity - 88% and AUC - 0.940. It should be noted that above mentioned signs were found on background of cholestasis, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly (100% patients with biliary atresia at the age of 3 months old). Pathologic changes of kidneys, manifested by 3 months of life, were significantly increasing in occurrence frequency by 12 months (P from 0.0295 to 0. 0001). In biliary atresia ultrasound changes in the kidneys were absent. Iincreased renal echogenicity, decreased corticomedullary differentiation on background of cholestasis have a relatively high sensitivity (70% and 64% respectively) and 100% specificity in the diagnosis of Alagille syndrome (ultrasound signs identified at 12 months of life). Ultrasound findings in hepatobiliary system organs and spleen, cardiovascular and urinary systems provide useful information for differential diagnosis and adequate treatment of infants with cholestasis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>холестаз</kwd><kwd>синдром Алажилля</kwd><kwd>билиарная атрезия</kwd><kwd>симптом “треугольного рубца”</kwd><kwd>симптом “перипортального фиброза”</kwd><kwd>повышение эхогенности паренхимы почек</kwd><kwd>нарушение кортико-медуллярной дифференцировки</kwd><kwd>дети раннего возраста</kwd><kwd>ultrasound diagnostics</kwd><kwd>cholestasis</kwd><kwd>Alagille syndrome</kwd><kwd>biliary atresia</kwd><kwd>“triangular cord"</kwd><kwd>diffuse periportal echogenicity</kwd><kwd>increased renal echogenicity</kwd><kwd>reduced corticomedullary differentiation</kwd><kwd>infants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Danks D.M., Campbell P.E., Jack I., Rogers J., Smith A.L. 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